The objective of this study is to identify the training received, as well as the limitations and difficulties self-perceived for primary care nurses to provide health care to emergency and disaster, as well as analyze the differences according to the different areas of work. A cross sectional study was conducted by a self-administered survey to a representative simple random sample (with replacement) of 269 nurses (n) working at the Primary Health Care centers out of the total of 730 nurses (N) that form the staff of nurses of Primary Health Care system of Asturias (Spain). \nIn rural areas, the most frequently mentioned reasons were the lack of practical skills (18.9%) and the absence of adequate material (14.4%). In the semi-urban area, the most common reasons were the lack of practical skills (13.2%) and the lack of theoretical knowledge (10.3%). Finally, in the urban area, the main reasons were the lack of practical skills (14.4%) and the absence of adequate material (7.2%). The differences were significant (p =.025) among the three work context only in lack of theoretical knowledge.\nThe degree of self-perception and acquisition of this knowledge and skills is heterogeneous, with clear differences in their field of work.
Lack of school engagement among adolescents in Iran remains a problem that can have serious consequences consists of raised risk for school dropout, substance use and criminal activity. Evidently, identification of psychological variables (parents and self variables), that help adolescents that improve adolescents’ academic performance. The present study examined predictors of academic involvement in Kerman. Participants were 1200 high school students aged between 12 -18 years old. The results of Hierarchical regression indicated that strongest predictor of academic involvement is academic self-efficacy.
The present study is about the relationship between e-city and sustainable development of region 4 of Tabriz municipality. The main research question is that whether there is a relationship between e-city and sustainable development? This is a descriptive and applied study and will be implemented as a survey. So, this is a developmental study in terms of objective and a cross-sectional one in terms of time. The statistical population of this study consists of all municipality employees of region 4 of Tabriz which has been obtained through Morgan table and Likert scale has been used for data collection. By providing theoretical and intellectual infrastructures and clarifying the relationship between e-city and sustainable development this study intends to justify the scientific reasons underlying the issue and the relationship between e-city and sustainable development in the world facing sustainable development. The research findings indicated that there is relationship between e-city and sustainable development. The main objective of this study is to explain the relationship between e-city and sustainable development.
Purchasing raw material problem from suppliers is one of the most important processes in a Make-to-Order (MTO) environment. This process begins by the customer ordering and ends when each customer receives the orders. So, in this paper a single objective model is proposed which considers multi-customers, multi-suppliers, multi products purchasing problem in MTO. It is assumed each product needs multiple raw materials and suppliers\' capacity is limited, furthermore the volume discount offered by the suppliers. The main objective of the model is minimizing all cost related to the responding customer demand such as raw material cost, production cost, unmet customer demand cost, rework cost, earliness and lateness cost. Due to the complexity of the problem, two heuristic methods (GA and hybrid PSO-SA) are used to solve this problem. The experimentation is performed using 10 test problems in small, medium and large sizes and the results are compared with the Lingo 11.0 results for the same problems. The results are promising and it is observed that by increasing in the size of problems Lingo could not solve the problem and proposed algorithms take less CPU time and provides good results. Finally, to show efficiency of the model sensitivity analysis is performed on models\' parameters.
In this paper a new linear programming model is proposed for the logistics network design is proposed in which the model decides where to locate the warehouses among several potential places such that the total network cost is minimized. Because of the difficulties in finding exact solutions for the problem, two meta-heuristics namely DE and hybrid GA-PSO are proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed methods are both effective and efficient in solving the test problems; the hybrid algorithm shows to be superior to DE, especially as the problem size increases.
The engine selection problem is a strategic issue and has a significant impact on the efficiency of aircraft, since the improper engine selection might cause many problems affecting reliability, maintenance, lifetime and quality of the aircraft negatively. On the other hand, selecting the optimal engine among many alternatives is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In this study, an integrated approach which employs analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and ELECTREIII together is proposed for the engine selection problem. The AHP is used to analyze the structure of the engine selection problem and to determine weights of the criteria, and ELECTREIII method is used to obtain final ranking. A real world problem is conducted to illustrate the utilization of the model for the engine selection problem. The problem could be interpreted as demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model.
In this paper we investigate a multi-objective nonlinearinteger model for P-median problem based on reliability that the facilities are capacitated. In this model,to get closer to a reality we define means in each level facilities may fail with different probability.We consider bi-objective that in each objective we follow certain scenario to get more and more customer satisfaction. Since this type of problem is NP-hard, we use two types of algorithm, NSGAII and MOPSO, computational result shows NSGAII performs better than MOPSO.
Background: A number of studies indicate that electronic games are now a routine part of normal childhood and adolescence lifestyle and they spend a lot of times for playing digital games in their leisure time activities. This can cause many physical and mental disorders. So the purpose of this study was to study the relationship between leisure time physical activity and playing digital games of youngsters. Materials and methods: The subjects were 188 adolescences studying in high schools of Dehdasht in three grads that were selected randomly. From these subjects, 90 (47.8 %) of them were male while 98 (52.12%) of them were female.\n Data were collected by a self administered questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire calculated through Alpha Chronbach and obtained 0.82. Statistical analyses were performed using Spearman correlation and independent t-test. Results: Result of this study indicated that there was a positive correlation between leisure satisfaction and time amount in digital games (r=0.441, ρ=0.001), there were significant differences in health of boys and girls (p=0.003), there was no significant difference between girls and boys in digital games (p=0.140) and there was significant differences in leisure time physical activity among girls and boys (p=0.001, α≤0.05). Based on the present results, playing digital game can improve youngsters’ leisure satisfaction as they can gain self-confidence and achievement from playing digital game and has a positive relationship with their leisure time.