Genomic repositories increasingly include individual as well as reference sequences, which tries to share near-identical and long identical strings of nucleotides. The sequential processing used by many compression algorithms and the volumes of data involved in compression, mean that these long-range repetitions of sequences are not detected. In this paper authors have shown that a new method of dictionary construction for compression has been very effective in long-range repetition detection making it ideal for compressing very large DNA data sets. The results have shown that improved COMRAD method is able to compress much larger data sets than existing DNA compression algorithms and able to detect repetition over a much longer range than existing general-purpose dictionary-based compression algorithms. Also authors have try to shown experimentally with the help of comparison tables and line graph that the method is effective and many improvements can be made to the general idea to create a very powerful and extendible compression algorithm for compressing and searching in very large data sets.
Concrete is widely used in structural engineering with its high compressive strength, low cost and abundant raw material. But common concrete has some shortcomings, for example, low tensile and flexural strength, poor toughness, high brittleness, and so on that restrict its application. To overcome these deficiencies, additional materials are added to improve the performance of concrete. A Nano admixture is a composite material that has been developed in recent years. It has been successfully used in construction with its excellent flexural tensile strength, permeability and so on. An attempt has been made in this paper to provide the advantages and benefits of using nano admixtures in concrete for a variety of applications. The use of admixtures help in modifying properties of concrete both in plastic and hardened stage and thus results into a more durable concrete. The main purpose of this investigation is to study the effects of nano clay on the compressive, split tensile and flexural strength of concrete. Concrete specimens were casted with and without nano clay and tested after 7 and 28 days water curing. Experimental results show that addition of admixtures improves the performance of concrete.
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be produced from vegetable oils, animal fats, or waste oils for use in diesel vehicles. Biodiesel\'s physical properties are similar to those of petrodiesel, but it is a cleaner-burning alternative. In this work, waste cooking oil and methanol as feedstock together with sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide as catalysts were used to produce biodiesel. Physical properties of waste cooking oil, produced biodiesel and purchased petrodiesel were measured using specified ASTM standards. To examine their performances and emissions of their flue gases, biodiesel and petrodiesel were burnt in a wet base semi-industrial boiler. The emitted gases of combustion were measured with a flue-gas analyzer at a wide range of air to fuel ratios and two levels of energies. For better reliability, all tests were repeated five times and almost no sensible differences were found in repeat tests. The results show that biodiesel meet ASTM standards. These properties of biodiesel are also comparable with the petrodiesel properties. The trends of exhaust temperature and combustion efficiency of biodiesel are the same as petrodiesel at different air to fuel ratio. However they are slightly lower. The CO, NOx, SO2 and CO2 emissions of biodiesel are lower than those of petrodiesel at different air to fuel ratio and two levels of energies
In this research, a rapid, solvent-free and single step method for the analysis of essential oil compounds in dry rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) following microwave distillation and headspace solid-phase micro extraction (MD-HS-SPME) is reported. Compared with a conventional technique, HD., the advantages of the proposed method are: a short extraction time, good precision, and high extraction efficiency. All experimental results show that the presented method is an alternative tool for the fast analysis of essential oils in dry rosemary leaves.
Compression of hyperspectral image (HSI) is an important issue in remote sensing applications due to its huge data size. An efficient technique for hyperspectral image compression is proposed based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Tucker Decomposition (TD) with Adaptive Least Squares (ALS) method. This technique exploits both the spatial and spectral information in the images. ALS method is used to compute the TD which is applied on the DWT coefficients of HSI spectral bands. DWT is used to segment the HSIs into various sub-images, while TD is used to conserve the energy of the sub-images. Run length encoding (RLE) performs quantization of the component matrices and encoding of core tensors. The experiments are conducted for HSI of various compressions with HSI compression based on DWT, TD with ALS method and HSI compression methods based on lossless JPEG (JPEG-LS), JPEG2000, SPECK (Set Partitioning Embedded Block), OB (Object Based) - SPECK, and 3D-SPECK and the results of our work are found to be good in terms of compression ratio (CR) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR).
Background: Sensation seeking is used to describe general features including high risk behaviors and inability to tolerate boredom. This study was conducted to investigate the relations between sensation seeking and stress among students of Bandar Abbas. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 400 students who had all the enrollment criteria were chosen by cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: The study showed that the mean excitement score was 16.66 ± 3.39 and with a maximum score of 27 and a minimum score of 8. Also, the mean score of experiment seeking was 7.70 ± 1.86 with a maximum score of 13 and a minimum score of 3. The mean score of tolerance towards boredom was 2.22 ± 1.3 with a maximum score of 9 and a minimum of 0. The mean score of escape inhibition was 1.34 ± 0.226 (max:2, min:0). Among all the participants, 35.3% had a moderate sensation seeking and above, and 71% had moderate stress. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, sensation seeking had no significant associations with stress.
Background: The Domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, an economically important insect has been used as a lepidopteran molecular model next only to Drosophila. Compared to the genomic information in silkworm, the protein-protein interaction data are limited. Currently various high throughput methods are in vogue to identify protein-protein interactions but none of these methods are applied to silkworm. Therefore information on protein-protein interaction network in silkworm is essential for further understanding of the cellular processes. The silkworm protein sequences were obtained from the SilkDB database and the experimentally identified PPI maps from five model organisms such as E.coli, C.elegans, D.melanogaster, H. sapiens, S. cerevisiae were used to infer the PPI network of silkworm using the well-recognized Interlog based method.\nResults: Totally 7736 protein-protein interaction pairs were predicted among the 14623 silkworm proteins which include 2700 unique proteins of the silkworms. These were validated using the iPfam interaction domains and the gene expression data. Totally 625 PPI pairs of predicted network were associated with the iPfam domain-domain interactions and the random network has average of 9. In the gene expression method, the average PCC value of the predicted network and random network was 0.29 and 0.231±0.00042 respectively. It reveals that the predicted PPI networks of silkworm are highly significant and reliable. \nConclusions: The predicted silkworm protein-protein interaction data are available at SilkPPI (http://210.212.197.30/SilkPPI/). This is the first PPI network for the silkworm which will provide a framework for deciphering the cellular processes governing key metabolic pathways in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.